A study by scientists in Finland indicates that cheese could help preserve and enhance the immune system of the elderly by acting as an effective carrier for probiotic bacteria.

The research, published in FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology, suggests that daily consumption of probiotic cheese helps to tackle age-related deterioration in the immune system — known as immunosenescene. This deterioration means the body is unable to kill tumour cells and reduces the immune response to vaccinations and infections. Infectious diseases, chronic inflammation disorders and cancer are hallmarks of the condition.

In their experiment, the researchers targeted the gastrointestinal tract because it is the main entry for bacteria cells into the body through food and drink but also the site where 70 per cent of vital immunoglobulin cells are created. The team asked volunteers aged between 72 and 103, all of whom lived in the same care home, to eat one slice of either placebo or probiotic Gouda cheese with their breakfast for four weeks.

Blood tests where then carried out to discover the effect of probiotic bacteria contained within the cheese on the immune system. The results revealed a clear enhancement of natural and acquired immunity through the activation of NK blood cells and an increase in phagocytic activity.

"The aim of our study was to see if specific probiotic bacteria in cheese would have immune enhancing effects on healthy older individuals in a nursing home setting," said lead author Fandi Ibrahim from the University of Turku in Finland. "We have demonstrated that the regular intake of probiotic cheese can help to boost the immune system and that including it in a regular diet may help to improve an elderly person's immune response to external challenges."

Ibrahim added: "The increase in the proportion of aged individuals in modern society makes finding innovative ways to thwart the deterioration of the immune system a priority. The intake of probiotic bacteria has been reported to enhance the immune response through other products and now we have discovered that cheese can be a carrier of the same bacteria."

References
Probiotics and immunosenescence: cheese as a carrier, Fandi Ibrahim, Suvi Ruvio, Linda Granlund, Seppo Salminen, Matti Viitanen & Arthur C Ouwehand, FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology, Volume 59 Issue 1, pp53-59. View the paper in full.